-
play_arrow
Regenerative agriculture helps Western Slope farmers cope with the warmest winter on record KGNU News
On a clear June morning in Missouri Heights, Felix Tornare gazes out over his 87-acre cattle ranch. From a distance, it looks like a regular grass field, but there are several other vegetables growing among the tall green blades.
“We plant cover crops… like radishes, turnips, peas,” Tornare explained over the sound of birds chirping.
He cuts the grass for hay, either to sell or to feed his 50 head of cattle, but he doesn’t harvest the cover crops. They provide an extra snack for his cattle and support the growth of hay grass.
“I had a bull that would take the turnips and eat them like apples,” Tornare said. “Or they mush them up; they turn into goo, and then feed the microbes in the ground, turn into nutrients to then help the rest of the grass be healthier.”
Across Colorado, farmers are embracing regenerative methods like cover cropping and rotational grazing, which have environmental benefits, including increased biodiversity and carbon storage.
But these strategies also help farmers adapt to an increasingly dry landscape.
The snow that falls on Colorado’s mountains becomes the water that Western Slope farmers and ranchers use to irrigate their fields, and Colorado just had its lowest snowpack year on record.
“Usually, this time of year, we still have a little snow up there,” Tornare said, pointing to Basalt Mountain. “And that fills Cattle Creek, where our water right comes out of. But we’ve been out of water now three weeks.”
With water levels so low, Tornare was only able to harvest hay once this summer. Without the cover crops, he said he probably wouldn’t have been able to cut hay at all.
“We’re lucky to be where we are today,” Tornare said.
According to Russ Schumacher, Colorado State University’s state climatologist, the main problem was a summer-like heat wave in March.
“We had a lot of areas in Colorado that had a week’s worth of days that were warmer than any March day in the previous 75 years,” Schumacher said.
Scientists concluded that the March heat wave would have been “virtually impossible” without human-caused climate change.
Colorado’s snowpack was teetering near record lows all winter, but by April 1, it plummeted to a fraction of the previous low.
As a result of that early spring meltout, farmers started their growing seasons with drier soil.

Becca Roberts grows vegetables at Highwater Farms in Silt.
“Coming into this season, it was a lot more dry,” she said. “March was super dry to begin with. Our soils had very little moisture in them.”
In some years, Roberts said a blanket of snow will cover the farm all winter, retaining soil moisture. This wasn’t one of those years.
“We basically had no snow coverage for most of the winter,” she said.
Walking through a gate at the edge of the farm, Roberts pointed to a small stream feeding into a man-made creek — the ditch that supplies water to her fields.
“You can see there’s a trickle coming in,” she said. “Most years the water is a lot higher.”
The ditch feeds off the Colorado River, but with so little runoff this year, the company that manages Roberts’ ditch had to use heavy machinery to excavate part of the ditch and improve water flow.
Roberts wasn’t sure how much water she’ll have by the end of the summer. But she has gotten creative, using drought-resistant practices like shade structures, drip irrigation, and, like Felix Tornare, cover crops.
Tornare said it was nerve-wracking when he first switched to this farming style.
“I would be on my knees trying to find all the seedlings and stuff that were coming up,” he recalled. “And it took a while to prove to me that it’s working.”
To retain soil moisture, Tornare sold his plows and replaced them with equipment that’s less disruptive — a major investment and a leap of faith. As a relatively small operation, he said the transition would be much more daunting for the country’s megafarms.
But Tornare is convinced that a shift is inevitable.
“The depletion of the ground is devastating,” Tornare said. “It’s just going to take more fertilizer, more fertilizer. Otherwise, nothing’s going to grow. And at some point, we have to change.”
Regenerative practices can help farmers cope with a warming climate, but they can’t make up for the water lost during this record-low snow year.
Western farmers are hoping for a strong monsoon this summer and for El Niño to bring a wetter fall and winter.
Michael Fanelli reported this story for Aspen Public Radio. Aspen Public Radio is a member of Rocky Mountain Community Radio, a coalition of community radio stations spanning Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming, including KGNU.
This story aired on The Morning Magazine, KGNU’s weekday morning show featuring local news and community members. Click here to listen to other episodes of The Morning Magazine.
So what is optics? Here’s FRCC student Sen Castro to explain. So Optics are kind of used in a lot of different, um, fields. There’s a lot of them in health, um, military. There’s a lot of them in, uh, like what, what, what other fields are there? aerospace is a big one. Um, in your phones, cameras, and, uh, entertainment, all, all sorts of things. Basically anything that uses a lens is optics, and it’s pretty important to have precision ones for a lot of the things we do. Sen is 23 years old and from Texas. He’s going into his second year of the Associate of Applied Science in Optics, Quantum, and Laser Technology at FRCC and I love it. Super fun. so yeah, This, this machine is- Basically a fancy ruler. The machine he’s pointing to is an interferometer, which splits a beam of light in two and compares how the waves overlap. it, it uses, it uses light, um, like very precise light to reflect off of reflective optics and uses the difference in the reflections to the- Could It uses the difference in the reflection to the wavelength scale, which is in the scale of like nanometers. Super, super tiny amounts. And it uses those tiny differences to be able to measure the surface to, like the smallest scale of like five, two nanometers or so. Sen graduated from Texas A&M with a bachelor’s in electrical engineering and I moved to Colorado after my partner got a job at CU Boulder, um, in one of the research labs. And I was kind of floating around for a bit. I didn’t really have a easy time finding a job. Not a lot of people wanna hire straight-out-the-gate graduates anymore, especially if they didn’t have any sort of specialized internship pro- knowledge or experience. I got in and immediately s- loved it. It was fantastic. I loved the hands-on learning experience of it. And the teachers especially are very… It’s very personal. They’re very small classrooms. You get to know everybody pretty well, and that’s a very nice environment to be in for learning. Sen says the bachelor’s program he went to was huge, but because of small class sizes at FRCC, he gets a lot of advice and help that he normally wouldn’t get otherwise. but but at this school, I feel like I was able to get a lot more in a lot less time because of how small and close-knit everyone is. Yeah, it actually is pretty diverse. There’s a decent number of just got out of high school, and then there’s also a decent number of I’m, I’m been doing a job for a while and decided to take a change. So there’s, there was a couple of people who were maybe in their 30s, 40s, um, but we were all there learning the same thing, so it, Chris McGillivray is the Academic Dean for the School of Manufacturing, Skilled Trades, and Applied Technology. We look at the talent pipeline report from 2025, and we know optics, fiber optics, quantum is, um, in demand. Colorado is leading the nation in this effort, and we pay attention to the salary placements. We wanna make sure that we’re helping our students not just get jobs, but that these are jobs that pay above poverty and are sustainable wages, and that’s something that we’re really proud of, particularly in our optics, laser, and technology program, One thing Front Range Community College is especially proud of is their partnership with the rock band 📍 Metallica. Through their foundation, All Within My Hands, they partner with the American Association of Community Colleges to offer the Metallica Scholars Initiative and Metallica, the rock band, I didn’t realize it, but they are really into skilled trades . Um, and so the biggest thing is when you are partnering with the largest, most recognizable rock band ever, that helps you. And so we’ve been able to leverage that band, particularly around increasing the adult learners into our program. Here’s Sen again i’m also really grateful for the Metallica scholarship program specifically because I was very broke starting out in this program. I was having to ask my parents to help me pay for rent, and it was not going well. Sun received about $2,000 from the Metallica program and that was incredible. Like I, it, it really changed like the ability of me to actually go to school because otherwise it would’ve been way too expensive. I feel like there’s a lot of opportunities for moving up. In fact, he’s already been hired by Particle Measuring Systems. It’s a company that develops technology for monitoring contaminants like in the pharmaceutical and semiconductor industries. I actually started in, an assembly position, and I’ve already moved up to the production technician line, so it’s a pretty nice, uh, company, and I, I expect to stay there for a good while. I’m really grateful to have gotten into this program, i- just in general. I feel like before this, I was very lost. I didn’t know where I was gonna end up in life, and coming to join this program really got me that sense of community and the help from others that I wouldn’t have gotten otherwise. 📍 For KGNU, I’m Malia Walker So what is optics? Here’s FRCC student Sen Castro to explain.
So Optics are kind of used in a lot of different, um, fields.
There’s a lot of them in health, um, military. There’s a lot of them in, uh, like what, what, what other fields are there? aerospace is a big one. Um, in your phones, cameras, and, uh, entertainment, all, all sorts of things. Basically anything that uses a lens is optics, and it’s pretty important to have precision ones for a lot of the things we do.
Sen is 23 years old and from Texas. He’s going into his second year of the Associate of Applied Science in Optics, Quantum, and Laser Technology at FRCC
and I love it. Super fun.
so yeah, This, this machine is- Basically a fancy ruler.
The machine he’s pointing to is an interferometer, which splits a beam of light in two and compares how the waves overlap.
it, it uses, it uses light, um, like very precise light to reflect off of reflective optics and uses the difference in the reflections to the- Could
It uses the difference in the reflection to the wavelength scale, which is in the scale of like nanometers. Super, super tiny amounts. And it uses those tiny differences to be able to measure the surface to, like the smallest scale of like five, two nanometers or so.
Sen graduated from Texas A&M with a bachelor’s in electrical engineering
and I moved to Colorado after my partner got a job at CU Boulder, um, in one of the research labs. And I was kind of floating around for a bit.
I didn’t really have a easy time finding a job. Not a lot of people wanna hire straight-out-the-gate graduates anymore, especially if they didn’t have any sort of specialized internship pro- knowledge or experience. I got in and immediately s- loved it. It was fantastic. I loved the hands-on learning experience of it. And the teachers especially are very… It’s very personal. They’re very small classrooms. You get to know everybody pretty well, and that’s a very nice environment to be in for learning.
Sen says the bachelor’s program he went to was huge, but because of small class sizes at FRCC, he gets a lot of advice and help that he normally wouldn’t get otherwise.
but but at this school, I feel like I was able to get a lot more in a lot less time because of how small and close-knit everyone is.
Yeah, it actually is pretty diverse. There’s a decent number of just got out of high school, and then there’s also a decent number of I’m, I’m been doing a job for a while and decided to take a change. So there’s, there was a couple of people who were maybe in their 30s, 40s, um, but we were all there learning the same thing, so it,
Chris McGillivray is the Academic Dean for the School of Manufacturing, Skilled Trades, and Applied Technology.
We look at the talent pipeline report from 2025, and we know optics, fiber optics, quantum is, um, in demand. Colorado is leading the nation in this effort, and we pay attention to the salary placements.
We wanna make sure that we’re helping our students not just get jobs, but that these are jobs that pay above poverty and are sustainable wages, and that’s something that we’re really proud of, particularly in our optics, laser, and technology program,
One thing Front Range Community College is especially proud of is their partnership with the rock band 📍 Metallica.
Through their foundation, All Within My Hands, they partner with the American Association of Community Colleges to offer the Metallica Scholars Initiative
and Metallica, the rock band, I didn’t realize it, but they are really into skilled trades
.
Um, and so the biggest thing is when you are partnering with the largest, most recognizable rock band ever, that helps you. And so we’ve been able to leverage that band, particularly around increasing the adult learners into our program.
Here’s Sen again
i’m also really grateful for the Metallica scholarship program specifically because I was very broke starting out in this program.
I was having to ask my parents to help me pay for rent, and it was not going well.
Sun received about $2,000 from the Metallica program
and that was incredible. Like I, it, it really changed like the ability of me to actually go to school because otherwise it would’ve been way too expensive.
I feel like there’s a lot of opportunities for moving up.
In fact, he’s already been hired by Particle Measuring Systems. It’s a company that develops technology for monitoring contaminants like in the pharmaceutical and semiconductor industries.
I actually started in, an assembly position, and I’ve already moved up to the production technician line, so it’s a pretty nice, uh, company, and I, I expect to stay there for a good while.
I’m really grateful to have gotten into this program, i- just in general. I feel like before this, I was very lost. I didn’t know where I was gonna end up in life, and coming to join this program really got me that sense of community and the help from others that I wouldn’t have gotten otherwise. 📍 For KGNU, I’m Malia Walker So what is optics? Here’s FRCC student Sen Castro to explain. So Optics are kind of used in a lot of different, um, fields. There’s a lot of them in health, um, military. There’s a lot of them in, uh, like what, what, what other fields are there? aerospace is a big one. Um, in your phones, cameras, and, uh, entertainment, all, all sorts of things. Basically anything that uses a lens is optics, and it’s pretty important to have precision ones for a lot of the things we do. Sen is 23 years old and from Texas. He’s going into his second year of the Associate of Applied Science in Optics, Quantum, and Laser Technology at FRCC and I love it. Super fun. so yeah, This, this machine is- Basically a fancy ruler. The machine he’s pointing to is an interferometer, which splits a beam of light in two and compares how the waves overlap. it, it uses, it uses light, um, like very precise light to reflect off of reflective optics and uses the difference in the reflections to the- Could It uses the difference in the reflection to the wavelength scale, which is in the scale of like nanometers. Super, super tiny amounts. And it uses those tiny differences to be able to measure the surface to, like the smallest scale of like five, two nanometers or so. Sen graduated from Texas A&M with a bachelor’s in electrical engineering and I moved to Colorado after my partner got a job at CU Boulder, um, in one of the research labs. And I was kind of floating around for a bit. I didn’t really have a easy time finding a job. Not a lot of people wanna hire straight-out-the-gate graduates anymore, especially if they didn’t have any sort of specialized internship pro- knowledge or experience. I got in and immediately s- loved it. It was fantastic. I loved the hands-on learning experience of it. And the teachers especially are very… It’s very personal. They’re very small classrooms. You get to know everybody pretty well, and that’s a very nice environment to be in for learning. Sen says the bachelor’s program he went to was huge, but because of small class sizes at FRCC, he gets a lot of advice and help that he normally wouldn’t get otherwise. but but at this school, I feel like I was able to get a lot more in a lot less time because of how small and close-knit everyone is. Yeah, it actually is pretty diverse. There’s a decent number of just got out of high school, and then there’s also a decent number of I’m, I’m been doing a job for a while and decided to take a change. So there’s, there was a couple of people who were maybe in their 30s, 40s, um, but we were all there learning the same thing, so it, Chris McGillivray is the Academic Dean for the School of Manufacturing, Skilled Trades, and Applied Technology. We look at the talent pipeline report from 2025, and we know optics, fiber optics, quantum is, um, in demand. Colorado is leading the nation in this effort, and we pay attention to the salary placements. We wanna make sure that we’re helping our students not just get jobs, but that these are jobs that pay above poverty and are sustainable wages, and that’s something that we’re really proud of, particularly in our optics, laser, and technology program, One thing Front Range Community College is especially proud of is their partnership with the rock band 📍 Metallica. Through their foundation, All Within My Hands, they partner with the American Association of Community Colleges to offer the Metallica Scholars Initiative and Metallica, the rock band, I didn’t realize it, but they are really into skilled trades . Um, and so the biggest thing is when you are partnering with the largest, most recognizable rock band ever, that helps you. And so we’ve been able to leverage that band, particularly around increasing the adult learners into our program. Here’s Sen again i’m also really grateful for the Metallica scholarship program specifically because I was very broke starting out in this program. I was having to ask my parents to help me pay for rent, and it was not going well. Sun received about $2,000 from the Metallica program and that was incredible. Like I, it, it really changed like the ability of me to actually go to school because otherwise it would’ve been way too expensive. I feel like there’s a lot of opportunities for moving up. In fact, he’s already been hired by Particle Measuring Systems. It’s a company that develops technology for monitoring contaminants like in the pharmaceutical and semiconductor industries. I actually started in, an assembly position, and I’ve already moved up to the production technician line, so it’s a pretty nice, uh, company, and I, I expect to stay there for a good while. I’m really grateful to have gotten into this program, i- just in general. I feel like before this, I was very lost. I didn’t know where I was gonna end up in life, and coming to join this program really got me that sense of community and the help from others that I wouldn’t have gotten otherwise. 📍 For KGNU, I’m Malia Walker




